Sacagawea, a SHOSHONE (Idaho 1787? - 1812) ; aka Sacajawea; (key guide and interpeter for the Lewis and Clark expedition); (it is controversial whethe....
Saladin `the Great' (Sultan) of EGYPT, etc. (Tikrit 1138? - 4/3/1193) ; aka Yusuf (Yousuf) `Salah-al-Din' ibn AYYUB (the WALIULLAH); renowned for acts of charity, chivalry, and ruthlessness; (MIPHMHH #176)
Salathial (Shealtiel; ben JEHOIACHIN) ha-DAVID ; or: prob. not Pedaiah (Salathial's brother); Heir of the DAVIDIC Dynasty from his stepfather King Jeconiah; 2nd EXILARCH in Babylon; aka Shealtiel ben NERIA
Salmon Portland CHASE (N.H. 1808 - 1873 N.Y. City) ; Governor of Ohio; U.S. Senator; 25th U.S. Secretary of Treasury (issuing first paper currency); 6th Chief....
Sammuramat (Semiramis), Queen of BABYLON ; (prob. source for mythical Semiramis, q.v.; poss. built the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World)
Samsuditana (King) of BABYLON (? - 1595+ BC) ; (Samsuditani Samsu-Ditana); (defeated by King Mursilis I of the Hittites, effectively ending the 1st Dynasty hegemony of Babylon)
Samudra Vijaya (King) of SAURIPURA ; aka Samudravijay (Sumitra); (Jainists show Aristhneminath as 1st cousin of Lord Krishna, but details don't quite match)
Samuel (Jr.) ADAMS (the PATRIOT) (Boston 27/9/1722 - 2/10/1803) ; Governor of Massachusetts; Revolutionary; Founding Father of the U.S.A.; Signer of the Declaration of Independence
Samuel B. (Rev.) PARRIS (London 1653 - 1720 Sudbury, Mass.) ; (migrated from Boston to Barbados, returning to Boston after hurricane; his slave Tituba was the the firs....
Samuel HENDERSON (poss. Fife, Scotl. 28/11/1713 - 19/1/1782 Augusta Co., Virg.) ; fought in French and Indian War, Revolution; founded Bonny Doone farm in Virginia; dealings with Givens family, q.v.
Samuel HENDERSON [alt ped] (Fife, Scotl. 28/11/1713 - ?) ; (descent of the Virginia Hendersons from the Baronets of Fordel is based on questionable evidence of Dr. Joseph Lyon Miller)
Samuel `Sam' (Gen.) HOUSTON (Virg. 1793 - 1863 Texas) ; (Governor of Tennessee; General, defeated Mexico at Battle of San Jacinto; 1st President of TEXAS, later ....
Samuel Moore `Sam' WALTON (Kingfisher, Oklahoma 29/3/1918 - 5/4/1992 Little Rock, Ark.) ; (founder & eponym of WalMart; 13th wealthiest American ever; 27th Wealthiest Person ever; 5th most influential businessman ever)
Samuel OSGOOD (Mass. or Conn. 1747 - 1813 New York) ; (merchant, statesman, represented Massachusetts in Continental Congress; founder of City Bank of New York); 1st U.S. Postmaster General
[Sancha of ARAGON, q.v.] Clemencia de BIGORRE (1027? - 1065+) ; or: prob. not Sancha of ARAGON, q.v.; (FOIX-BIGORRE); (the claim that Clemencia was mother of Ermengol IV is prob. wrong -- Adalaidis was named....
Sanchez II Mittara (Duke) de GASCOGNE (? - 875?) ; aka Sancho II SANCHEZ; poss. Prince of the BASQUES; (some sources show him about two generations later than others)
Sancho III (Garcie; GARCEZ) of CASTILE (991? - 1035) ; King of PAMPLONA; `the Great'; King of NAVARRE; (upon his death, the vast Kingdom of Navarre was split between his sons)
Sarah BERNHARDT (Paris 23/10/1844 - 26/3/1923 Paris) ; aka Rosine Marie Henriette BERNARDT; aka The Divine Sarah; (`The most famous actress in the history of the world')
Sarah Lockwood PARDEE (New Haven, Conn. 1840? - 5/9/1922 San Jose, Calif.) ; aka Sarah (Mrs.) WINCHESTER; (builder & eponym of Winchester Mystery House)
[Sarah SEABROOK (niece of her mother-in-law Alice Seabrook)] Sarah WHEELER (Bedford 1628 - 1669?) ; or: prob. not Sarah SEABROOK (niece of her mother-in-law Alice Seabrook)
Sarah YORKE (Philadelphia 1803 - 1887 Nashville, Tenn.) ; (White House co-hostess with Emily Donelson, she became de facto First Lady (JACKSON) of the United State....
Sardius Washington SMITH (Ohio 1828 - 30/10/1838 Haun's Mill, Missouri) ; (at age ten he was the youngest slain in the Haun's Mill Massacre; his brains were blown out with a muske....
Sargon II `the Great' (117th King) of ASSYRIA (? - 705+ BC) ; 12/13th King of Neo-Assyrian Period; also 6th King of Dynasty X of BABYLON; conquered Israel (ten of 12 tribes) in 722 BC
Saul ben KISH (1st King) of ISRAEL (? - 1013? (or '59) BC) ; aka Shaul ben QYSH (ben KISH); ``there was not among the children of Israel a goodlier person than he''; ....
[Scanlan of OSSARY (q.v. : Colman's son)] Colman Mor MacECHACH (? - by 574?) ; or: Scanlan of OSSARY (q.v. : Colman's son); King of OSRAIGE (OSSORY; LEINSTER); (ancestors' dates are wildly inconsistent with ``son'' Ronan's dates)
[Sceaf (Shem), q.v., son of Noah] Akiya (3rd King) of ASSYRIA ; or: prob. not Sceaf (Shem), q.v., son of Noah; (Akkiya Akkia); (predecessor of Puzur Asshur I, but prob. not father)
Schwanhilde EYSTEINSDOTTIR (850? - ?) ; aka Svanhild OYSTEINSSDATER; (DNA TESTS on a skeleton of a Viking noble from this era show U7 mtdna-Haplogroup)
Scipione CAFFARELLI (Cardinal) (1576 - 1633) ; aka Scipione BORGHESE; (right to BORGHESE surname conveyed by Pope Paul V, q.v.; famous patron of Caravag....
Sebeknefru (Queen) of EGYPT (? - 1785? BC) ; 8th (& last) PHARAOH of 12th Dynasty; (some sources show her as childless; some sources show her as wife and half-sister of Amenemhat IV)
[Segnius of ALEMANNIA, q.v.] Walbert I (Count) de ARDENNES (485+ - 538??) ; aka Wambert (Vaubert Wambertus) I (Duke) of MOSELLE (MOSEL); aka Waudbert I de PONTHIEU; (decided Walbert....
Sekenenre Tao I (PHARAOH) at THEBES (1605? BC - 1558 BC) ; aka Sanakhtenre Ta'o; 13th/9th PHARAOH of the 17th Dynasty of EGYPT; (he followed his father Inyotef VII ....
[Semahl the (Syrian) GOD, q.v.] Samael (Sammael) the DEMON ; `Venom of God'; poss. aka ARCHANGEL of Death; 1st lover of Eve; (Lilith's 2nd husband); poss. aka Lucifer....
[Semane] Agnes of (AQUITAINE) POINTOU (1052? - 1078) ; or: Semane or: Beatrix d' AQUITAINE (aka?); (perhaps Agnes and Beatrix were half-sisters who both married Alfonso VI)
Senachtenre (PHARAOH) at THEBES [alt ped] (1600? BC - 1560? BC) ; (many in this pedigree are duplicated in database, but this alternate pedigree is hard to reconcile)
[Senegambian of Atlantic-Congo] Adstratum from Berberish ; or: poss. Senegambian of Atlantic-Congo; (there is strong evidence of grammatical influence, possibly from Berber, in the Atlantic languages of Celtic)
Senekerima ARCURNI (King) of WASPUKARAN (Vaspurakan, Armenia 965? - 1027) ; aka Senakerim II; aka Sennacherib-John ARTSRUNID; aka Sennacherib Johannes I von VASPOURAKAN; aka Senek'erim-Yovhannes; Lord of RSHTOUNIK
[Seraphin I von TAXIS (Bartholomeus' half-brother?)] Bartholomeus (Count) von TAXIS (1511? - 1549?) ; or: poss. Seraphin I von TAXIS (Bartholomeus' half-brother?)
Serge I (Prince) of SIOUNIE (? - 595?) ; or: (NN : Serge's ancestor); (There are far too many generations in this lineage, taken from Dirk Peters' database; Probably many of t....
Sesotris III Khakaure (PHARAOH) of EGYPT (? - 1842? BC) ; (Senusref Senwosret); 5th of 12th Dynasty; (prob. during his reign that Joseph ben Jacob, q.v., came to E....
Seth (3874 BC - 2962 BC) ; aka Sheeth ibn ADAM; `the Substitute'; 1st PROPHET of the Seal; aka Shet (Set-Naal Set Sed) ADANYA; 2nd Patriarch of GENESIS
Seti (Setymeramen) ; (military Commander; prob. Not same person as Ramose (Vizier to Amenhotep III)); aka Baenre Merynetjeru Merneptah Hetephermaat Ramessid ?
Shah Jahan (I; 5th EMPEROR) of INDIA (Lahore 1592 - 1666 Agra) ; aka Khurram Shihab-ud-din Muhammad Shah JAHAN; (served as Army Commander before father's death, rebelled ....
Shalmaneser V (King) of ASSYRIA ; aka Ululai; 11/12th King of Neo-Assyrian Period; (captured Samaria/Israel (during reign of Osorkon IV, q.v. in Egypt))
Shalmaneser III (King) of ASSYRIA (? - 829? BC) ; aka Shulman-asharid (Salmanassar); poss. aka Enemessaros; 4th King of Neo-Assyrian Period; (defeated in b....
Shaphan (Saphan) the SCRIBE ; (tasked with heeding Huldah the Prophetess, q.v.; sent with Maaseiah (Gov.) and Joah (son of Joahaz the recorder) to repair the Temple)
Shaphat ha-DAVID ; aka Shafat (Shafa Shephat) ben JOHANAN; 4th EXILARCH in Babylon
Shapur (Shahpur) I (King) of PERSIA (215? - 272?) ; or: prob. not King Varanes III (poss. 3-g grandson of Shapur I); `King of kings of Iran and non-Iran'; of PARTHIA
Shapur II `the Great' (Shah) of PERSIA (309? - 379?) ; (Schapur Shahpur Sapor; SASSANID); (his 70-year reign is the longest ever of any West Asian monarch)
Shaw (1st Chief of) MacKINTOSH (? - 1179?) ; aka Sheagh Mac-in-toisich; surname means `son of the chief'; (the descent of MacKINTOSH from the early Ea....
Shebitku (PHARAOH) of EGYPT (? - 690 BC) ; (Schebitku); (after death of Sargon II of Assyria, Shebitku defended Jerusalem from Assyria, e.g. at Battle of Eltekh, 701 BC)
Shelah (ben CAINAN) of CHALDEA (2307? BC - 1874? BC) ; aka Shaleh (Shelach Sala Sale Salah) ibn ARPHECKSHAD; aka Shalikh ben ARFAKSHAD; poss. aka Salon; poss. one of the Progenitors of Europe
Shem (Sceaf Sam Sem) ibn NOAH (2454? BC - 1842 BC) ; (the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle shows Shem as father of Bedwig); progenitor of Asia; eponym of SHEM....
[Shem] Pelag ben EBER (Shinar 2243? BC - 2004? BC) ; aka Phaleg ibn HUD (or ibn ABER); aka Falikh (Peleg) ben ABIR; `Opening'; prob. not King of BABYLON
Shih Chu Hou (KHAN) of HSIUNG-NU (170? - 195+) ; aka Qizi Shisu Quti (43rd King) of the HUNS; 2nd King of the 8th Southern XIONGNU Dynasty; (some sources ....
Shoshank I (1st PHARAOH) of 22nd Dynasty (990? BC - 924? BC) ; aka Shoshenq (Shisak Shishak Sheshonq) of the LIBYAN Dynasty of EGYPT; waged war successfully against Isr....
Shoshenk `D' (PHARAOH) of EGYPT ; or: poss. Nimlot (q.v., Shoshenk's brother); aka Sheshonq (III) the LIBYAN; High Priest of Ptah
Shuma-damqa (High-Priestess) of ASSYRIA (? - 646? BC) ; poss. `High Priestess of Sin'; (another woman has same name. date and place; we show her as alternate)
Shuppiluliumash I (King) of KHATTI (1405? BC - 1346? BC) ; King (EMPEROR) of the HITTITES; aka Suppiluliumas (Suppiluliuma Shupiluliumash) I; defeated the Mitanni in battle
[Sibilla de LONGCHAMPS, q.v.] Devorguilla II MacDONALD of GALLOWAY (1212?? - 1290) ; or: Sibilla de LONGCHAMPS, q.v.; Heiress Presumptive of Scotland until her death; (Dervigilde)
[Sieghard (Count) of GILBIET, with similar dates] Sieghard III (Count) von SULZBURGGAU (900? - 959+) ; or: poss. Engelbert im SALZBURGGAU (Sieghard's brother); of CHIEMGAU; von BAYERN; (poss. Count of GILBIET)
Sieghard III (Count) von SULZBURGGAU (900? - 959+) ; or: poss. Engelbert im SALZBURGGAU (Sieghard's brother); of CHIEMGAU; von BAYERN; (poss. Count of GILBIET)
Sigebert (III; IV; I; Comte) de RAZES (676? - 758?) ; poss. self-styled King of FRANKS; (the descent of the Counts of Razes from Dagobert II is believed to be a hoax)
Sigebert V (Comte) de RAZES (840? - 885? Brittany) ; aka Prince Ursus; aka Sigisbert VI of the FRANKS; aka Sigbert III; deposed by Charles the Bald, q.v., and exiled to Brittany
[Sigehard King of the SAXONS, q.v.] (NN) of ALEMANIA (615? - ?) ; or: poss. Sigehard King of the SAXONS, q.v. or: poss. skip this generation; aka (NN) AGILOLFINGES
Sigismund Otto (titular Grand Duke) of TUSCANY (Switzerland 1966 - ?) ; aka Archduke Sigismund Otto Maria Josef Gottfried Heinrich Erik Leopold Ferdinand von HABSBURG-LOTHRINGEN; Head of House of HABSBURG-TUSCANY
Sigmund VOLSUNGSSON (King of HUNLAND) ; pulled Odin's sword from the tree Branstock; (Signy's twin); raised Siggeir's sons (& Sinfiotli who was thought to be Siggeir's son)
Sigurd `Fofnersbane' SIGMUNDSSON of DENMARK (730? - ?) ; aka Siguard Fornisban (Fovnesbane) SIGMUNSSON (WOLSUNG); (poss. historic, but some chronologies put him 3 centuries earlier)
Silurian Period (Paleozoic Era) (444 M BC - 416 M BC) ; jawed fish, simple land plants; (Silurian subdivided into Alexandrian, Wenlock, Ludlow and Pridoli Epochs)
Silvius (Hisicion) d' ITALIA ; or: (NN) of the NEMEDIANS (in Irish legend); aka Silvius Aeneas the DARDANIAN; aka Selys (Silius) Hen (King) of the SILURIANS
[Simeon Knez (q.v., Boris' son)] Boris Michael (KHAN) of BULGARIA (848? - 907) ; or: Simeon Knez (q.v., Boris' son); aka Borys-Michal (TSAR) of the BULGARS; `the Christener'
Simon `El Libertador' (General) BOLIVAR (Caracas, Venezuela 24/7/1783 - 17/12/1830 Colombia) ; aka Simon Jose Antonio de la (Santisima) Trinidad BOLIVAR PALACIOS (Ponte) y BLANCO; (famous revolutiona....
Simon GOLDSCHMIDT (1610? - 1658 Hesse) ; (Court Banker); aka Moshe Shimon ben BARUCH LEVI; (Obervorsteher of the Jews of Kassel; Court Jew in Kassel; Court Jeweller)
Simon IV de MONTFORT (1165? - 1218) ; leader of heinous Albigensian Crusade; Viscount of Beziers & Carcasonne; 5th Earl of LEICESTER; 4th Lord High Steward of England
Simon V de MONTFORT (1208 - 4/8/1265) ; Earl of LEICESTER; invited to Henry III 's court as a foreign flatterer, he became one of the most powerf....
[Simon de MONTFORT] Philippe II de MONTFORT-L'AMAURY (1225? - 1270) ; or: poss. Simon de MONTFORT; de la FERTE ALAIS; Sn. de CASTRES
[Simon de MORVILLE, q.v.] Hugh (of Kirkoswald) de MORVILLE (1085? - 1162) ; Constable of Scotland; aka Roger(?) de MOREVILLE (MORVILL); Lord of BURGH-BY-SANDS
Simon (`the evil') THELWALL (1526? - 15/4/1586 Wrexham) ; (Catholic schoolmaster; Deputy Judge of the Court of the Marches under Sir George Bromley; his sentence t....
Simon de WAHULL (Bedfords. ? - by 1160) ; Baron of ODELL; (although Wahull speaks of their medieval Barony to the present day, there is no evidence....
sister of Bridei VI ; (this wife is based purely on the supposition that Kenneth married a Pictish Heiress to solidify the claims of him and his heirs)
[Skelfi HALFDANSSON, Skjold's father] Skjold SKELFISSON (King in SWEDEN) ; (sometimes shown as progenitor of the GOTHS, but that must use a different chronology)
Skuli BAARDSSON (1188? - 1240) ; aka Skule BERDSSON; Jarl (Duke) in Norway; friend of Snorri
Skuli (TOSTISSON) KONGSFOSTRE (REIN) (1052? - ?) ; aka Skule TOSTENSON; (Skuli's father was long known to be a high-ranking Englishman, but the old speculat....
Somerled (II) MacGILLEBRIDE (1113? - 1164) ; Lord/Thane of the ISLES; 8th Thane of ARGYLL; King of South Isles; aka Somhairle Mor; (DNA TESTS reveal S....
Songtsen Gampo (1st Dharmaraja) of TIBET (? - 650) ; or: Gungri Gungtsen (Songtsen's son); expanded Kingdom of Tibet; (33rd King, called 33rd EMPEROR); founded the Buddhist Dynasty
Soter `Saviour' PTOLEMY (PHARAOH) of EGYPT (by 356? BC - 282? BC) ; aka Ptolemy (Ptolemaios) I; inherited Kingship of EGYPT from Uncle Alexander; (his ally, the Republic of ....
[Sperchius the RIVER GOD] Zeus the OLYMPIAN (born in Cretan cave) ; aka Zeus (Jupiter) of OLYMPUS; Greek GOD of the Sky; `Cloud gatherer'; 3rd/4th Ruler GOD of the Universe
[Sperchius the RIVER GOD, q.v.] Zeus the OLYMPIAN (born in Cretan cave) ; aka Zeus (Jupiter) of OLYMPUS; Greek GOD of the Sky; `Cloud gatherer'; 3rd/4th Ruler GOD of the Universe
Sperm whale ; aka Physeter macrocephalus; (very large mammal, though not as large as blue whale)
Stefan WITTELSBACH (Landgrave) of SIMMERN (1385 - 1459) ; aka Stefan of ZWEIBRUCKEN; Etienne von WITTELSBACH; Pfalzgraf/Herzog von der PFALZ-SIMMERN; Prince of GERMANY
Stephen Arnold DOUGLAS (Vermont 1813 - 1861 Chicago, Ill.) ; (U.S. Senator; crafted the Compromise of 1850 ; famous Orator in Lincoln-Douglas debates; Presi....
Stephen IV of BLOIS (Blois 1096? - 1154 Kent) ; King of ENGLAND; during the 19 years of his reign ``horrors and ... tortures ... and ever it was worse ......
Stephen (Etienne) GIRARD (Bordeaux, France 1750 - 1831 Philadelphia) ; (shipbuilder, banker; 4th wealthiest American ever; 19th Wealthiest Person ever)
Stephen Grover CLEVELAND (N.J. 18/3/1837 - 24/6/1908 N.J.) ; Governor of New York; President of the United States #22 (and #24, Democ : 1885-1889 1893-1897); losing P....
Stephen (I) van RENSSELAER (Albany, N.Y. 1707 - 1747 Albany) ; (7th Patroon & 4th Lord of RENSSELAERSWYCK)
Stephen (III) van RENSSELAER (N.Y. 1764 - 1839 Albany) ; (Lt. Gov. of New York; eponym of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Major General; Philanthropist; 7th Pat....
Stjepan III (II) FRANKAPAN (MODRUSKI) (? - 1481+) ; aka Stephan (Istvan Stefan) FRANGEPAN zu VEGLISA; aka Stefano FRANGIPANE; Co-Ban of CROATIA; Graf von Veglia & Modrus
[Suanhilde of BAVARIA, q.v.] Sunnichild (Princess) of BAVARIA (700? - 741?) ; or: poss. Suanhilde of BAVARIA, q.v. or: wife of Pepin III; poss. aka Swanchilda AGILOFINGER de BAVIERA
Subatomic Era / Electroweak Epoch (10^-32 sec - 10^-11 sec) ; (universe dominated first by W and Z bosons, then by Electron-quark soup; at end of this epoch, weak and electro forces separate)
Subboreal Chronozone (3000 BC - 500 BC) ; (this period and Subatlantic are cooler and collectively called the Neoglacial)
Subclass Helminthomorpha ; (Colobognatha includes the rare Illacme plenipes, found near Hollister, California, with 750 legs, more legs than any other Earth creature)
Subdivision of Mesangiospermae ; (Ceratophyllum prob. clades with Eudicots, but otherwise the clading of Classes within the Subdivision is controversial)
Subfamily Papaveroideae (Poppies) ; (Glaucium in Chelidonieae has glaucine and is PSYCHOACTIVE; California poppy in Eschscholzieae has PSYCHOACTIVE chemicals)
Suborder Nematocera (Gnats etc.) ; (this suborder is paraphyletic; its infraorders are listed again in Diptera in order of cladistic closeness to Brachycera)
Suddhodhana (poss. Prince of KOSALA) ; (Warrior) Chief of SAKYA Tribe; (some modern scholars think he was not a Prince but an elected chief); poss. aka Shakay
[Suibne MacNAILGUS (shown here as Ranald's wife)] Ranald II (King) of WATERFORD (? - 1035? Dublin) ; or: Suibne MacNAILGUS (shown here as Ranald's wife); (Ragnall)
Suibne RUADH ; aka Sven (Suibhne) the Red; founder & eponym of Clan MacSWEEN; (built Castles Skipness and Sween, the la....
Sunifred (I; Comte de AUSONA) de URGELL (? - 848?) ; aka Sunyer (Hunfrid) I de CARCASSONNE; Margrave of BARCELONA (PROVENCE); Count of Urgell-Cerdanya; Count of Ampurias & Roussillon
Sunnichild (Princess) of BAVARIA (700? - 741?) ; or: poss. Suanhilde of BAVARIA, q.v. or: wife of Pepin III; poss. aka Swanchilda AGILOFINGER de BAVIERA
Sunyer (Suniario) of BESALU (883? - 954) ; Count of BARCELONA; aka Suniaire de BARCELONE; Count of URGEL; (sometimes his brother Sunifred is shown as Borrell's father.)
Superorder Crocodylomorpha (Crurotarsi) ; (the only living species in Crurotarsi are in Eusuchia, so we do not detail the involved clading of extinct families)
[Superphylum Lophotrochozoa] Branch Bilateria ; (older schemes placed Pseudocoelomata (Rotifera etc.) as a separate clade under Bilateria; aka Triploblas....
Susan Brownell ANTHONY (Mass. 17/2/1820 - 13/3/1906 Rochester, New York) ; (important Activist leader for civil rights, women's rights, Suffragist, etc.; Abolitionist); (MIPHMHH #283)
Susanna Ann BURGESS (prob. assumed name) (Paris 1788? - ? Scotland) ; smuggled to England in wine casque as an infant; (Sally Denton claims she was descended from Rioux family)
Svafrlami SIGRLAMASSON (King) of GARDARIKI ; or: Frodi (King) of DANES; aka Svafrlami (Svaflami Svaflam) of NORWAY; (legendary King of RUSSIA, had MAGIC sword Tyrfing, which cou....
Sviatoslav (Svatislav) I IGORJEWITSCH (915? - 972) ; aka Svjatoslav I Velikij Knjas KIJEVSKIJ; aka Swjatoslav I `the Warlike' von KIEW; RURIKOVICH; Grand Prince of KIEV